This dataset captures detailed information on vegetable production, consumption preferences, and related constraints across Benin, Tanzania, Sri Lanka, and the Philippines. It provides a gender-disaggregated perspective based on data collected through 144 Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) conducted in diverse socio-economic and agro-ecological contexts. The dataset emphasizes challenges in vegetable cultivation, including issues with production inputs, labor, mechanization, pest and disease management, marketing, and social and gender norms affecting women’s participation.