Maize stalk rot can cause significant economic losses for maize farmers around the world. Information on the genetic architecture of maize stalk rot could help breeders design effective breeding strategies to enhance resistance to stalk rot. This dataset was used to carry out genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) and genomic prediction for stalk rot in mid-altitude tropical maize populations. It includes phenotypic data from testcross hybrids of 677 inbred lines from the Tuxpeño and non-Tuxpeño heterotic pools evaluated in three environments. Genotypic data for 200,681 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) used for GWAS and genomic prediction are also provided. The results of the analyses are described in the accompanying article.